Optimizing fire emergency evacuation routes in underground coal .
WEBApr 1, 2024 · Fire is the second most frequent cause of death throughout the history of mining in the USA with 35 incidents claiming 727 lives in the period between 1900–2008. Furthermore, in the same period, the most frequent accidents in underground coal mines were explosions, which often ignite fires (Brnich et al., 2010, KowalskiTrakofler et al., .